Affiliations: 1 Institute for Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
2 BioHealth Graz, Graz, Austria.
3 Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
4 Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
5 Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.
6 Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China.
7 Karolinska Institute, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
8 BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria.
Keywords:
COVID-19, SARS, SARS-CoV-2, MERS, coronavirus, virophagy, inflammation, immunity
Corresponding Author(s):
Didac Carmona-Gutierrez, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Humboldtstrasse 50/EG, 8010 - Graz, Austria; carmonag@uni-graz.at
Frank Madeo, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Humboldtstrasse 50/EG, 8010 - Graz, Austria; frank.madeo@uni-graz.at
Conflict of interest statement:
D.C-G., G.K. and F.M. are the scientific co-founders of Samsara Therapeutics, a company that develops novel pharmacological autophagy inducers. A.Z. has equity interests in Samsara Therapeutics. F.M. and D.C-G. have equity interests in TLL (The Longevity Labs), a company that develops natural food extracts.
Please cite this article as:
Didac Carmona-Gutierrez, Maria A. Bauer, Andreas Zimmermann, Katharina Kainz, Sebastian J. Hofer, Guido Kroemer and Frank Madeo (2020). Digesting the crisis: autophagy and coro-naviruses. Microbial Cell 7(5): 119-128. doi: 10.15698/mic2020.05.715
© 2020 Carmona-Gutierrez et al. This is an open-access article released under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) li-cense, which allows the unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are acknowledged.
Digesting the crisis: autophagy and coronaviruses
Authors:Didac Carmona-Gutierrez1, Maria A. Bauer1, Andreas Zimmermann1,2, Katharina Kainz1,
Sebastian J. Hofer1, Guido Kroemer3-7 and Frank Madeo1,2,8
doi: 10.15698/mic2020.05.715
Volume 7, pp. 119 to 128, published 04/05/2020.
1 Institute for Molecular Biosciences, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
2 BioHealth Graz, Graz, Austria.
3 Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
4 Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
5 Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France.
6 Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China.
7 Karolinska Institute, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
8 BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria.
Keywords:
COVID-19, SARS, SARS-CoV-2, MERS, coronavirus, virophagy, inflammation, immunity
Corresponding Author(s):
Conflict of interest statement:
D.C-G., G.K. and F.M. are the scientific co-founders of Samsara Therapeutics, a company that develops novel pharmacological autophagy inducers. A.Z. has equity interests in Samsara Therapeutics. F.M. and D.C-G. have equity interests in TLL (The Longevity Labs), a company that develops natural food extracts.
Please cite this article as:
Didac Carmona-Gutierrez, Maria A. Bauer, Andreas Zimmermann, Katharina Kainz, Sebastian J. Hofer, Guido Kroemer and Frank Madeo (2020). Digesting the crisis: autophagy and coro-naviruses. Microbial Cell 7(5): 119-128. doi: 10.15698/mic2020.05.715
© 2020 Carmona-Gutierrez et al. This is an open-access article released under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) li-cense, which allows the unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are acknowledged.
Abstract:
Autophagy is a catabolic pathway with multifaceted roles in cellular homeostasis. This process is also involved in the antiviral response at multiple levels, including the direct elimination of intruding viruses (virophagy), the presentation of viral antigens, the fitness of immune cells, and the inhibition of excessive inflammatory reactions. In line with its central role in immunity, viruses have evolved mechanisms to interfere with or to evade the autophagic process, and in some cases, even to harness autophagy or constituents of the autophagic machinery for their replication. Given the devastating consequences of the current COVID-19 pandemic, the question arises whether manipulating autophagy might be an expedient approach to fight the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. In this piece, we provide a short overview of the evidence linking autophagy to coronaviruses and discuss whether such links may provide actionable targets for therapeutic interventions.