Autophagy promotes or inhibits cell death depending on the environment and cell type. Our previous findings suggested that Atg1 is genetically involved in the regula-tion of Pmk1 MAPK in fission yeast. Here, we showed that Δatg1 displays lower levels of Pmk1 MAPK phosphorylation than did the wild-type (WT) cells upon treatment with a 1,3-β-D-glucan synthase inhibitor micafungin or CaCl2, both of which activate Pmk1. Moreover, the overproduction of Atg1, but not that of the kinase inactivating Atg1D193A activates Pmk1 without any extracellular stimuli, suggesting that Atg1 may promote Pmk1 MAPK signaling activation. Notably, the overproduction of Atg1 induces a toxic effect on the growth of WT cells and the deletion of Pmk1 failed to suppress the cell death induced by Atg1, (…)
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